接地電阻儀期間核查初步研究
茅圣仁1，2，許文進1，吳坤平2，鄭建偉1，彭宗貴2
（1 福建省仙游縣氣象局，福建 仙游 351200 ；2 福建省莆田市防雷監(jiān)測技術中心，福建 莆田 351100）
摘 要：選用較大測量電流接地電阻儀為比對儀器,核查小測量電流接地電阻儀，多距離測量一小建筑物接地電阻，用聚類分析對各測量值作分類，取”測量水平段”作回歸分析、檢測能力驗證。核查儀器、比對儀器有34～51 m、68～85 m不同的適宜測量距離；比對儀器適宜的測量距離取小值，核查儀器適宜的測量距離的檢測能力驗證均是“滿意”的評定。接地電阻測量距離應根據(jù)測量電流的大小取舍；核查儀器測量電流小，比對儀器適宜測量距離應選小值進行檢測能力驗證；期間核查，既要參照規(guī)范推薦的接地電阻測量方法，又要遵循計量認證的統(tǒng)計方法和要求。
關鍵詞：接地電阻儀；期間核查；回歸分析；檢測能力驗證
中圖分類號：TM934.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1007-3175(2017)09-0051-05
Preliminary Study on Intermediate Checks of Grounding Resistance Meter
MAO Sheng-ren1,2, XU Wen-jin1, WU Kun-ping2, ZHENG Jian-wei1, PENG Zong-gui2
（1 Xianyou Meteorological Bureau in Fujian Province, Xianyou 351200, China;
2 Putian Lightning Protection Monitoring Technology Center in Fujian Province, Putian 351100, China）
Abstract: The larger measuring current ground resistance meter was selected as the comparison instrument to inspect the small measuring current ground resistance meter. The ground resistance about a small building was carried out multi-distance measurement. The clustering analysis was used to classify each measured value and the measurement horizontal section was taken as regression analysis and detectability confirmation. The inspecting and comparison instruments had the suitable measuring distances from 34 meter to 51 meter or from 68 meter to 85 meter. The minimum value was selected by comparing the suitable distances for measurement. The detectability confirmation of the measuring distance suitable for inspecting instruments was “satisfaction”. The measuring distance of grounding resistances should be selected by the size of measuring currents. The smaller value was selected for inspecting instruments while the measuring distance suitable for comparison instruments should be small to carry out the detectability verification. The intermediate inspecting should both refer to the measuring method of grounding resistance of the recommended specifications and follow the statistical method and requirements of metrological certification.
Key words: ground resistance meter; intermediate inspecting; regression analysis; detectability confirmation
參考文獻
[1] 金孫均，王志鵬，王坤，等.60Co gamma輻射的空氣比釋動能及水吸收劑量的NIM -IA EA雙邊比對[J].計量學報，2016，37(4)：441-443.
[2] 盧曉華，紀潔，孟凡敏，等.小規(guī)模實驗室間化學量測量比對的設計與數(shù)據(jù)評估[J].計量學報，2013，34(2)：192-195.
[3] 何慶浩.防雷檢測能力認定工作常見問題的分析[J].廣東氣象，2016，38(4)：67-69.
[4] 呂海勇，莊燕洵，尹娜.廣東省雷電災害易損性分析與風險區(qū)劃[J].廣東氣象，2016，38(2)：50-53.
[5] 張金，王學孟，鄧婧.接地電阻隨測量電極位置變化的規(guī)律及其應用[J].廣東氣象，2015，37(2)：65-68.
[6] 羅志勇.民用建筑物電源SPD的檢測要點[J].廣東氣象，2015，37(3)：51-54.
[7] 陳達楊，于東海，鄭水平.一次雷擊事故的分析及防雷措施[J].廣東氣象，2014，36(2)：71-73.
[8] GB/T 27025—2008 檢測和校準實驗室能力的通用要求[S].
[9] GB/T 17949.1—2000 接地系統(tǒng)的土壤電阻率、接地阻抗和地面電位測量導則 第 1部分：常規(guī)測量[S].
[10] GB/T 21431—2015 建筑物防雷裝置檢測技術規(guī)范[S].
[11] DL/T 845.2—2004 電阻測量裝置通用技術條件 第2部分：工頻接地電阻測試儀[S].
[12] 蘇理云，陳彩霞，高紅霞.SPSS19統(tǒng)計分析基礎與案例應用教程[M].北京：北京希望電子出版社，2012.
[13] JJF1059.1—2012 測量不確定度評定與表示[S].
[14] CNA S—GL02：2014 能力驗證結(jié)果的統(tǒng)計處理和能力評價指南[S].
