用于平抑風(fēng)電波動(dòng)功率的混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)及其控制系統(tǒng)
程莎莎,張琦,黃湘源
長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué) 電氣與信息工程學(xué)院,湖南 長(zhǎng)沙 410077
摘 要:風(fēng)電系統(tǒng)輸出功率具有波動(dòng)性和隨機(jī)性,并網(wǎng)時(shí)將嚴(yán)重影響電能質(zhì)量。提出了一種基于超級(jí)電容器和蓄電池的新型混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng),以滿足平抑風(fēng)電波動(dòng)功率的需求。通過(guò)對(duì)混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)充放電過(guò)程的控制,延長(zhǎng)系統(tǒng)的使用壽命,提高充放電效率。對(duì)風(fēng)電波動(dòng)功率進(jìn)行分解,通過(guò)采用一種新型的控制模型,建立功率信息庫(kù),根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)風(fēng)電功率及儲(chǔ)能元件的狀態(tài),檢索信息庫(kù),得到充放電控制器相應(yīng)的控制算法,簡(jiǎn)化了風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)多種波動(dòng)功率的控制方案,縮短控制時(shí)間。仿真結(jié)果表明,所提出的混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)及其控制方案是可行的,平抑后的風(fēng)電輸出功率可以滿足電力系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)度的要求。
關(guān)鍵詞:波動(dòng)功率;混合儲(chǔ)能;充放電控制器;功率平抑;超級(jí)電容器;蓄電池
中圖分類號(hào):TM614 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1007-3175(2013)08-0017-05
Hybrid Energy Storage System and Control System for Balance and Inhibition of Wind Power Fluctuation in Power Output
CHENG Sha-sha, ZHANG Qi, HUANG Xiang-yuan
College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410077, China
Abstract: The output power of a wind power system is with intermittence and randomness, so it will seriously have impacts on power quality when the system was connected into power grid. This paper raised a new type of hybrid energy storage system based on super-capacitor and storage battery, so as to meet the demand of balance and inhibition of wind power in fluctuation. The useful life of the system was prolonged by controlling the processes of charging and discharging for hybrid energy storage system and the charging and discharging efficiency were improved. Via decomposition of wind power fluctuation, a new type of control model was adopted to set up a power information data bank. According to the real-time wind power and energy storage elements state, the information data bank was searched to get the relevant control algorithm method. The multi-fluctuation power control plan of wind power system was simplified, to have shortened control time. Simulation result shows that the raised hybrid energy storage system and its control plan are feasible and the output power of wind power can meet real-time dispatch requirements of power system after balanced and inhibited.
Key words: fluctuating power; hybrid energy storage; charge-discharge controller; power balance and inhibition; super-capacitor; storage battery
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] 于芃,周瑋,孫輝,等.用于風(fēng)電功率平抑的混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)及其控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[J].中國(guó)電機(jī)工程學(xué)報(bào),2011,31(17):127-133.
[2] 張坤,毛承雄,陸繼明,等.用于直驅(qū)式風(fēng)力發(fā)電的混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)[J].電力系統(tǒng)及其自動(dòng)化學(xué)報(bào),2011,23(4):1-5.
[3] 于芃,趙瑜,周瑋,等.基于混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的平抑風(fēng)電波動(dòng)功率方法的研究[J].電力系統(tǒng)保護(hù)與控制,2011,39(24):35-40.
[4] 楊秀媛,肖洋,陳樹(shù)勇.風(fēng)電場(chǎng)風(fēng)速和發(fā)電功率預(yù)測(cè)研究[J].中國(guó)電機(jī)工程學(xué)報(bào),2005,25(11):1-5.
[5] 孫濤,王偉勝,戴慧珠,等.風(fēng)力發(fā)電引起的電壓波動(dòng)和閃變[J].電網(wǎng)技術(shù),2003,27(12):62-66.
[6] Larsson A. Fhcker emission of wind turbines during continuous operation[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2002, 17(1):114-118.
[7] Abbey C, Joos G.Supercapacitor energy storage for wind energy application[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2007,43(3):769-776.
[8] 陳星鶯,劉孟覺(jué),單淵達(dá).超導(dǎo)儲(chǔ)能元件在并網(wǎng)型風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用[J].中國(guó)電機(jī)工程學(xué)報(bào),2001,21(12):63-66.
[9] 汪興旺,邱曉燕.基于改進(jìn)粒子群算法的配電網(wǎng)分布式電源規(guī)劃[J].電力系統(tǒng)保護(hù)與控制,2009,37(14):16-20.
[10] 孫春順,王耀南,李欣然.飛輪輔助的風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)功率和頻率綜合控制[J].中國(guó)電機(jī)工程學(xué)報(bào),2008,28(29):111-116.
[11] 肖創(chuàng)英,汪寧渤,丁坤,等.甘肅酒泉風(fēng)電功率調(diào)節(jié)方式的研究[J].中國(guó)電機(jī)工程學(xué)報(bào),2010,30(10):1-7.
[12] Hansen A D,Sorensen P,Lov F,et al.Centralised power control of wind farm with doubly fed induction generators[J].Renewable Energy,2006,31(7):935-951.
[13] 王菊芬,李宣富,楊海平,等,光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中影響蓄電池壽命因素分析[J].蓄電池,2002,39(2):51-54.
[14] GB/Z19963—2005 風(fēng)電場(chǎng)接入電力系統(tǒng)技術(shù)規(guī)定[S].
[15] Dougal R A,Liu Shengyi,White R E.Power and life extension of battery-ultracapacitor hybrids[J].IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies,2002,25(1):120-131.
[16] 張丹丹,羅曼,陳晨,等.超級(jí)電容器-電池復(fù)合脈沖電源系統(tǒng)的試驗(yàn)研究[J].中國(guó)電機(jī)工程學(xué)報(bào),2007,27(30):26-31.
[17] Gao Lijun, Dougal R A, Liu Shengyi.Power enhancement of an actively controlled battery/ultracapacitor hybrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2005,20(1):236-243.
[18] 唐西勝,齊智平.獨(dú)立光伏系統(tǒng)中超級(jí)電容器蓄電池有源混合儲(chǔ)能方案的研究[J].電工電能新技術(shù),2006,25(3):37-41.
[19] 溫兆銀.鈉硫電池及其儲(chǔ)能應(yīng)用[J].上海節(jié)能,2007(2):7-10.
[20] 吳昊,張焰,劉波.考慮風(fēng)電場(chǎng)影響的發(fā)輸電系統(tǒng)可靠性評(píng)估[J].電力系統(tǒng)保護(hù)與控制,2011,39(4):36-42.